Stunningly beautiful, poignant music from Bilād al-Shām -- "the countries of Damascus," known nowadays as Syria, Lebanon, and Palestine -- including performances from the very first recording sessions in the region. The legendary, moody Beirut singer Būlus Ṣulbān is here -- some historians have him singing before Egypt's Pasha Ibrāhīm Bāshā during his military campaign in Syria, in 1841 -- and Ḥasība Moshēh, Jewish "nightingale of the Damascene gardens." Thurayyā Qaddūra from Jerusalem; Yūsuf Tāj, a folk singer from Mount Lebanon; Farjallāh Bayḍā, cousin to the founders of Baidaphon Records... Musical directors like the lutist Qāsim Abū Jamīl al-Durzī and the violinist Anṭūn al-Shawwā (followed by his son Sāmī); such virtuosi as the qanun-players Nakhleh Ilyās al-Maṭarjī and Ya'qūb Ghazāla, and lutist Salīm 'Awaḍ. Even at the time, notwithstanding such brilliance, public music-making was frowned upon as morally demeaning, especially for women. Musical venues were generally dodgy. Ṣulbān once cut short a wedding performance for the Beiruti posh, after just one song, he was so disgusted with the attitude of his audience. "If I had to tell you about the catcalls," one commentator wrote about musical theater in Beirut, "the stomping of feet, the sound of sticks hitting the ground, the noise of the water-pipes, the teeth cracking watermelon seeds and pistachio nuts, the screams of the waiters, and the clinking of arak glasses on the tables, I would need to go on and on and on..." Also includes tracks by Aḥmad al-Shaykh, Na'īm Sem'ān, Ḥikmat Ḥajjār, Bāsīl Ḥajjār, Muḥyiddīn Ba'yūn, Muḥammad al-'Āshiq, Aḥmad al-Mīr, Iliās Shahwān, and Yūsuf al-Naḥḥāl.